Examinations found traces of blood and bone residues, and glue made from a plant-based resin that was used to fasten them on to a wooden shaft. Stone projectile points dating back 64,000 years were excavated from layers of ancient sediment in Sibudu Cave, South Africa. In many excavations, bone, wooden, and metal arrowheads have also been found. Those that have survived are usually made of stone, primarily consisting of flint, obsidian, or chert.
Such artifacts can be found all over the world in various locations. As archaeological artifacts such objects are classed as projectile points, without specifying whether they were projected by a bow or by some other means such as throwing since the specific means of projection (the bow, the arrow shaft, the spear shaft, etc.) is found too seldom in direct association with any given point and the word 'arrow' would imply a certainty about these points which simply does not exist. Such items remained in use throughout human civilization, with new materials used as time passed. In the Stone Age, people used sharpened bone, flintknapped stones, flakes, and chips of rock as weapons and tools.